Hematologic, Immunologic, and Neoplastic Disorders Practice Test

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• Prolonged anemia in pediatric patients may present with which combination?
• A patient has microcytic anemia with low ferritin and high TIBC. What is the most likely diagnosis and first-line treatment?
• Graft-versus-host disease: what is it and which transplant setting carries the highest risk?
• Which statement about absolute neutrophil count (ANC) is true?
• What is the normal platelet count range?
• Common adverse effects of alkylating chemotherapeutic agents.
• Which assessment should be avoided if Wilms tumor is suspected?
• What is von Willebrand disease and how is it diagnosed?
• What is the priority nursing care for this patient with Hemophilia A presenting with head trauma?
• Which statement about clotting factor levels in infancy is true?
• In managing a child with sickle cell disease, which therapy would you include?
• Platelet transfusion refractoriness is most commonly due to what?
• Reed-Sternberg cells on biopsy are characteristic of which lymphoma?
• Which laboratory finding is most associated with acute intravascular transfusion reaction?
• Which statement is true regarding iron deficiency anemia management in infants?
• What is the hallmark serum protein electrophoresis finding in multiple myeloma?
• What is the normal hemoglobin range?
• In SCID, which lymphocyte development is defective?
• In severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), what is the major immunologic defect and the standard treatment approach?
• How does the Lugano staging system differ from Ann Arbor for lymphomas?
• Which feature distinguishes Hodgkin lymphoma from most non-Hodgkin lymphomas?
• HIV infection progression and impact of antiretroviral therapy.
• Which of the following is NOT a typical presenting finding in hemophilia?
• Which targeted therapy is used to treat CML by inhibiting BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase?
• Vitamin K is required for synthesis of which clotting factors?
• For administering liquid oral iron to a child, which method is recommended to avoid staining the teeth?
• Which leukemia is most common in children?
• Which of the following is a common sign of iron deficiency anemia in infants?
• In addition to bone pain, which symptom is commonly reported with Ewing sarcoma?
• Normal thrombin time (TT) range?
• What is the normal hematocrit range?
• Which diagnostic procedure is used to obtain cerebrospinal fluid in leukemia evaluation?
• What is an appropriate approach when preparing a child for a bone marrow aspiration?
• What is a core component of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) treatment?
• During a well-child exam, a 3-year-old girl with known hearing loss and developmental delays lives in an old house with copper pipes and chipped paint. She reports abdominal pain, vomiting, constipation, and headaches. What condition is suspected?
• Which finding supports increased intracranial pressure in an adolescent with head injury?
• Which infection-control practice is appropriate for a leukemia patient to reduce infection risk?
• CAR-T cell therapy typically targets which B-cell antigen?
• RBC levels decline to approximately what range by 2-3 months of age?
• By about how long do WBC counts stabilize after birth?
• Which statement describes iron deficiency anemia treatment?
• What is a recognized strategy to reduce painful crises in sickle cell disease?
• Which condition is most commonly evaluated by ferritin levels as an indicator?
• Which is a common symptom of anemia in children?
• Koilonychia (concave nailbeds) is a classic sign of which condition in children?
• Priapism in sickle cell disease is an emergency because it can cause tissue damage due to microcirculatory obstruction. Which statement is true?
• In infants, cow's milk should be limited until at least what age?
• Which of the following conditions is NOT listed as a chronic disease causing anemia?
• Which renal manifestations are typical of sickle cell disease?
• What is the normal range for red blood cell count in a healthy child?
• In a splenic sequestration crisis, what happens to the blood?
• During a PRBC transfusion, which monitoring step is recommended in the first minutes of the infusion?
• Which of the following is a non-CRAB feature in plasma cell disorders?
• Which condition is characterized by pancytopenia with hypocellular bone marrow?
• Five-year-old Roxy presents with failure to thrive, lymphadenopathy, oral candidiasis, and diarrhea. Which diagnosis best fits these findings?
• What is the first-line therapy for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma?
• Which statement correctly describes initial management of tumor lysis syndrome?
• Which statement about platelet levels in newborns is true?
• In caring for a child with hemophilia, which history finding would you expect?
• WBC counts decline after how many hours post-birth?
• Which presentation is typical for Hodgkin lymphoma in a adolescent?
• Which statement about hemophilia care is true?
• What cells are pathognomonic on biopsy for Hodgkin lymphoma?
• Which biomarkers are used in staging myeloma with the ISS system?
• An older child with immunodeficiency and oral candidiasis is most concerning for which diagnosis?
• Tonya is a 16-year-old African American girl with pain in both hands, chest pain, fever, and moderate respiratory distress; she is receiving IV hydration and hydroxyurea. Which disorder does she most likely have?
• A 4-year-old with decreased leukocytes, platelets, and erythrocytes was admitted for a chicken pox infection that will not go away. Which diagnosis best fits these findings?
• CAR-T cell therapy: concept and approved indications.
• Alpha-thalassemia is most commonly found in which geographic regions?
• Immune thrombocytopenia commonly presents after which event?
• In a 10-year-old with Hemophilia A who has not received factor for a year and experiences head trauma, which complication is most likely?
• Ewing sarcoma can occur in any bone; usually the femur; what are typical presenting features?
• Acute chest syndrome is a serious complication most commonly seen in which disorder?
• Features of X-linked agammaglobulinemia: which immunoglobulins are reduced and typical age of presentation?
• Explain the mechanism and management of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT).
• Adult hematologic levels for RBCs are reached during which period?
• Which immunophenotype is characteristic of CLL?
• Where is hematopoiesis occurring at birth?
• Which statement best differentiates acute myeloid leukemia (AML) from acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)?
• Which of the following is a CRAB feature of multiple myeloma?
• Which statement about tumor lysis syndrome pathophysiology is NOT true?
• DIC is defined as what, and name two common triggers?
• Normal activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) range?
• Hyperviscosity syndrome in Waldenström macroglobulinemia is most commonly due to which immunoglobulin?
• MGUS vs smoldering myeloma: which statement is correct?
• During a vaso-occlusive crisis in a child with sickle cell disease, which intervention most improves tissue perfusion?
• Doug, 12, experiences frequent nosebleeds, easy bruising, and blood in the urine; his parents discourage him from contact sports due to his condition. Which disorder best explains his symptoms?
• Which tests assess the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways of coagulation, respectively?
• What is the classic triad of acute graft-versus-host disease manifestations?
• Rituximab: target and a major infection risk.
• Which drug is a BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitor used in CML?
• Which nursing action is appropriate for a child with thrombocytopenia?
• In immune thrombocytopenia, platelets are typically less than which value?
• What happens to the red blood cell count after the newborn begins breathing air?
• What defines the Ann Arbor staging A vs B in lymphoma?
• Which finding may be present in Wilms tumor?
• Which of the following lists common bleeding manifestations in ITP?
• Which finding is common in iron deficiency anemia?
• Which triad best describes extremity symptoms in sickle cell disease?
• A 12-month-old presents with poor muscle tone, irritability, concave nailbeds, and edema. Which disorder is most consistent with these findings?
• Which presentation signs are typical in leukemia?
• In managing sickle cell disease, which measure is central to reducing crises?
• Flow cytometry in leukemia/lymphoma classification primarily provides immunophenotyping to identify which of the following?
• Normal fibrinogen range?
• Ewing sarcoma most commonly involves which bone?
• Which laboratory test most directly assesses the extrinsic coagulation pathway?
• What is the mechanism by which allopurinol helps prevent uric acid buildup in tumor lysis syndrome?
• A 4-year-old with a swollen abdomen and good appetite is most likely to have which diagnosis?
• Which item is commonly addressed in post-operative education for osteosarcoma?
• The therapeutic management of children with sickle cell disease primarily consists of which of the following?
• Which intervention is commonly used in the care of a child with sickle cell disease?
• Aplastic crisis in sickle cell disease is typically triggered by which factor?
• Which coagulation test is typically prolonged in hemophilia?
• Which tumor markers are associated with pancreatic and ovarian cancers?
• Febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reaction vs acute hemolytic transfusion reaction: distinguishing features.
• Which statement about the role of PET-CT in lymphoma response assessment is true?
• Iron studies in anemia of chronic disease show which pattern?
• Which practice supports activity tolerance in a child with sickle cell disease?
• In sickle cell disease, cerebrovascular accidents involve which organ primarily?
• Sickle cell disease pathophysiology: what mutation and what is the most common acute hospitalization cause in adults?
• Beta-thalassemia is most commonly found in which regions?
• Waldenström macroglobulinemia hallmark and its clinical consequence is best described as which of the following?
• A patient with bone pain, anemia, and renal impairment has an M-protein spike on SPEP. What is the most likely diagnosis?
• What is the normal hematocrit range?
• Vaccines in immunocompromised patients: which vaccines are contraindicated?
• Which factors place this patient at increased risk for injury?
• During rounds, a pediatric patient awaiting a bone marrow biopsy has a low reticulocyte count and thrombocytopenia. Which diagnosis is most consistent with these findings?
• A common skin complication seen in sickle cell disease is which of the following?
• During chemotherapy administration for leukemia, which action is appropriate?
• Which statement describes the typical presentation and immunophenotype of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) compared with small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL)?
• Which description best captures bone involvement in sickle cell disease?
• What is the Lugano classification used for?
• Name two major beta/thalassemia types and typical geographic prevalence.
• In sickle cell disease, which organ and finding is described by infarcts leading to fibrosis and increased infection risk?
• In sickle cell disease, hydroxyurea is used to reduce the frequency of which complication?
• For splenic sequestration crisis in sickle cell disease, which treatment is listed?
• Which laboratory pattern indicates hemolysis with intravascular involvement (low haptoglobin, high LDH, high indirect bilirubin, reticulocytosis)?
• Which chromosomal translocation is characteristic of chronic myeloid leukemia?
• In thrombocytopenia, what is the typical prophylactic platelet transfusion threshold?
• In sickle cell disease, which ocular complication is commonly observed?
• M-spike on serum protein electrophoresis indicates which type of disease?
• A 30-year-old presents with pallor, fatigue, pancytopenia, and a hypocellular bone marrow. What is the most likely diagnosis?
• Which laboratory finding will be abnormal in a child with hemophilia?
• Spleen involvement in sickle cell disease is characterized by infarcts leading to fibrosis and increased infection risk. Which option reflects this description?
• Hyperviscosity symptoms in this disorder can include which of the following? (Choose the best specific symptom listed)
• In anemia, which test result would typically be decreased?
• Which agent is an alternative to allopurinol for uric acid control in tumor lysis syndrome?
• Reticulocyte production index interpretation in anemia states which of the following is correct?
• In the leukemia diagnostic process, which action is appropriate to include?
• Jenai was bitten by a tick and now has petechiae, blood in the stool, and spontaneous nosebleeds; labs show a decreased platelet count. Which disorder is most likely?
• Auer rods are associated with which leukemia and what do they indicate?
• Which finding is most characteristic of aplastic anemia?
• Why is vitamin K administered at birth?
• The nurse calculates the absolute neutrophil count (ANC) using Band percent plus Seg percent times total WBC. If the CBC shows WBC 1.5 x 10^3/µL with bands 3% and seg 29%, what is the ANC and classification?
• Which clinical manifestation is most characteristic of thrombocytopenia in a child?
• In chronic myeloid leukemia, which translocation is characteristic and what drug targets it?
• Imatinib: mechanism and primary indication.
• What is the best initial nursing action when a child with Hemophilia A presents with a concussion?
• Which of the following is a precipitating factor for a sickle cell crisis?
• ABO transfusion incompatibility: typical reaction timing and presentation?
• Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is best described as what?
• In suspected vitamin B12 deficiency, which additional lab finding supports the diagnosis besides low serum B12?
• Which symptom would you most likely report in a child with a suspected cancer diagnosis?
• Differentiate PT/INR and aPTT in terms of pathways assessed and clinical uses?
• Vaccination considerations for immunocompromised patients and household contacts are best described as:
• For PRBC transfusion, which action is appropriate when starting the transfusion?
• Normal prothrombin time (PT) range?
• In early life, when is the WBC count highest?
• Which statement accurately describes the inheritance of hemophilia A and B?
• Iron studies pattern in iron deficiency anemia shows which combination?
• Which sport should be encouraged for safe participation after stabilization of a patient with Hemophilia A?
• What are the two major categories of lymphoma and a hallmark difference between them?
• Which statement best defines anemia?
• A 60-year-old presents with fatigue and macrocytic anemia with hypersegmented neutrophils. What is the most likely deficiency and the initial confirmatory test?
• In Lugano staging, which imaging modality is used for response assessment?
• During neutropenic precautions, what is the best response to a visitor bringing garden flowers?
• Which statement correctly identifies the interpretation of an ANC of 480 cells/µL?
• How do ferritin and transferrin saturation help distinguish anemia of chronic disease from iron deficiency anemia?
• Which statement best describes the role of hydration in preventing crises in sickle cell disease?
• Which care practice would you anticipate when planning the shift for a child with leukemia?